The Code of Ethics for Advocates in Indonesia’s Multi-Bar System
Abstract
Legal issues related to the multi-bar system of advocate organizations in Indonesia, such as the expulsion and subsequent move of Firdaus Oiwobo from KAI to FERADI, the expulsion and subsequent move of Razman Arif Nasution from KAI to PERADI Bersatu, and the transfer of Hotman Paris Hutapea from PERADI Otto Hasibuan to DPN, indicate that Indonesia’s advocate organization system is multi-bar in nature and not tied to a single professional body (single bar). This study employs normative legal research, supported by the statute approach, conceptual approach, and comparative approach. The author relies on primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. A literature review is used as the method of legal material collection. The author also applies descriptive, comparative, and argumentative techniques in analyzing the legal materials. The findings show that the regulation of advocate organizations in Indonesia remains general in nature and no specific rule has yet been established, thereby creating a normative vacuum and legal uncertainty. Accordingly, this study proposes a framework for regulating advocate organizations from the perspective of ius constituendum, namely by maintaining the multi-bar system while ensuring that advocates remain subject to a single, nationally applicable professional code of ethics, through amendments to the Advocates Law and the Advocates’ Code of Ethics (KEAI).
How to Cite This Article
Erwin Siregar, I Wayan Parsa, Ni Luh Gede Astariyani, I Wayan Novy Purwanto (2026). The Code of Ethics for Advocates in Indonesia’s Multi-Bar System . International Journal of Judicial Law (IJJL), 5(4), 16-25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54660/IJJL.2026.5.4.16-25