This study aims to analyze the regulation and application of the Double Track System concept in Indonesian criminal law, especially for the crime of drug abuse. This research is a normative legal research, with the approach of the Statute Approach, Conceptual Approach, Case Approach. The technique of collecting legal materials with literature studies and analysis of legal materials with descriptive analysis, the reasoning used is deductive reasoning. The results of the study show that this two-track sanction system has undergone significant development, which was initially only applied in a limited way in sectoral laws has now been generally confirmed in Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the New Criminal Code, marking a paradigm shift from retributive to a more humanistic, corrective, and rehabilitative approach. In practice, in narcotics cases, this system has proven to be very effective because it provides flexibility for judges to differentiate selectively between dealers who need to be dealt with firmly and addicts or victims who need healing through medical and social rehabilitation, so that the goal of individual recovery can be achieved while simultaneously breaking the chain of narcotics distribution from the demand side.