This study analyzes the role of maritime transport within the international Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) framework for sustainable transport and assesses the extent to which Indonesian maritime transport law is harmonized with these standards. It employs normative legal research using statutory and conceptual approaches. Legal materials are analyzed descriptively and qualitatively through an inventory of legal norms, mapping of regulatory interrelationships, and gap analysis. The findings show that maritime transport functions as an enabling sector supporting the achievement of SDGs 9, 11, 13, and 14. The national legal framework provides a basis for protecting the marine environment through the Shipping Law, the Maritime Affairs Law, and the Presidential Regulation on Carbon Economic Value. Nevertheless, harmonization remains incomplete because national norms continue to focus on conventional pollution prevention; no sector-specific implementing instruments govern emissions limits and carbon economic value in shipping; and no responsive mechanism has been established to accommodate evolving IMO decarbonization standards. Legal reform should therefore prioritize the adoption of ship-emissions-intensity standards, the issuance of implementing regulations on carbon economic value for shipping, and stronger statutory references to evolving international maritime instruments.